Hi guys I am in need of some help here. I am not technically savvy so posting for my friend who has recently acquired a few years old used Yamaha avr and a used Sherwood A965 power amp. The avr model is rx-a3000, most probably their top model of 2010 with 7.1 channel pre-outs. The Sherwood is a 7 channel power amp and very heavy and powerful. Now related to the problem when he is connecting the 7 channel RCA pre-outs from yamaha to the sherwoods 7 channel RCA inputs the sound seems to be very lean and soft and lacking dynamics. So we thought to check the power amp with my marantz sr6009. With marantzs RCA pre-outs connected the sherwood is still acting more or less the same with a very lean sound and lacking foundation. Then we arrived to the conclusion the power amp is at fault as it is behaving under powered with two different types of avrs. Then we thought to give it a final try with my monster Yamaha dsp-z9 and connected its RCA pre-outs to sherwood. To our surprise with z9 driving the Sherwood, the power amp now opened up with muscular dynamics and super solid foundation. I also noted the power output the Sherwood is producing at half the volume level of a3000 or sr6009 is what dsp-z9 is attaining at quarter of its volume. This is strange as we are using the pre-outs from all these avrs and they should be the same I believe. Now we are completely puzzled and need help as to how to solve this issue. Any guidance will be of great help.
There are no issues with the Yamaha RX-A3000 or your Marantz SR6009. And the Sherwood Newcastle A-965 multi-channel power amplifier is just fine. The culprit here is the mismatch between these AVRs pre-amp output voltages & impedances to that of power amplifiers required input voltage & impedance to operate at full power. Lets consider the RX-A3000 first. Its pre-outs (RCA unbalanced) can produce an output voltage equal to 1 volt when the output impedance is 1,200 ohms. This is the general standard for pre-outs (1 volt @ 1,200 ohms) followed by every mass market consumer electronics companies now-a-days.
Yamaha RX-A3000 [AVR, Released: 2010, MSRP: US $1,800]
Front View
No gold plated Input/ Output terminals here, even if it was a TOTL
Let us also grossly simplify the activity of the pre-amplifier part of RX-A3000 which has to control this output voltage of 1 volt through pre-outs. If you lower the volume of this AVR to zero, it will have zero voltage through pre-outs and the power amplifiers attached to it will produce no sound through the speakers.
As a rule of thumb the lower the output impedance from the pre-outs to attain this 1 volt output voltage, the better it will be able to drive difficult loads. The RX-A3000 will be happy driving any power amplifier to its full power with an input sensitivity of 1 volt and an input impedance normally 100 times or higher that of pre-outs output impedance. So any power amplifier having an input impedance of 120,000 ohms or higher will be fine for RX-A3000.
Again by rule of thumb the higher the input impedance of the power amplifier the less difficult it is to drive. Power amplifiers generally vary between 10,000 ohms to 500,000 ohms of input impedance in the market. So the RX-A3000 should properly drive any power amplifier ranging between 120,000 to 500,000 ohms with an input sensitivity of 1 volt to full power. But it will be really difficult to drive a much tougher load, say a power amplifier with only 50,000 ohms input impedance at its full power. The conclusions from all this is that current generation AV amplifiers/ AVRs are not designed to drive every tough loads through pre-outs. The pre-outs are an add-on feature to provide extra functionality in AVRs, not the primary concern for which they are built.
Yamaha CX-A5000 [AV Processor, Released: 2013, MSRP: US $3,000]
Front
Notice the beautifully crafted solid aluminium front and side panels adding finesse and strength to the chassis
Beautifully crafted top panel, selective use of gold plated Input and Output terminals
Yamaha CX-A5000 + Yamaha MX-A5000
A dedicated AV processor like Yamaha CX-A5000 on the other hand is designed to drive almost all power amplifiers on the market through its pre-outs. It is its core functionality. To drive tough power amplifiers it implements elaborate and expensive circuit design schemes with higher quality components and expensive op-amps to obtain the same output voltage of RX-A3000, 1 volt, but at a much lower output impedance of just 470 ohms though RCA unbalanced pre-outs. So the CX-A5000 is capable to drive any power amplifier ranging from 47,000 to 500,000 ohms to its full power. The Sherwood Newcastle A-965 is one such tough power amplifier with input sensitivity of 1 volt having an input impedance of 47,000 ohms. This implies any AV processor/ AV amplifier/ AVR capable to deliver 1 volt at (47000/100) = 470 ohms output impedance would easily drive the A-965 to its limit. To me CX-A5000 is much more a suitable candidate to drive this power amplifier with proper synergy than RX-A3000. It is also to note the matching Yamaha MX-A5000 power amplifier for CX-A5000 has identical input sensitivity & impedance ratings to that of Sherwood A-965.
Yamaha DSP-Z9 [AV Amplifier, Released: 2004, MSRP: US $4,500]
Front View with open front panel
The Guns of Navarone: All guns are gold plated, the eleven pairs on the top are of jewelry grade
Ubers like Yamaha DSP-Z9 are a different beast altogether and should not be compared with current generation AV amplifiers/ AVRs in the first place. Ubers represent an amalgamation of a
true AV processor with a
true multi-channel power amplifier in a single robust and beautifully crafted chassis. There are no cutting corners here to save money. As such DSP-Z9 shows the trait of a proper AV processor with the pre-outs generating an output voltage of 1 volt at just 500 ohms output impedance. Near there with CX-A5000s 470 ohms and capable to drive any power amplifier ranging between 50,000 to 500,000 ohms with an input sensitivity of 1 volt to full power. This is the reason why the synergy between your DSP-Z9 and Sherwood A-965 is so good and feels like the power amplifier is playing with ample foundation. The DSP-Z9 is simply driving the A-965 much better. DSP-Z9 uses many high performance and expensive op-amps like Analog Devices OP275 in differential configuration in its pre amplifier stage. Nine years down the line CX-A5000 draws inspiration from it and implements the same OP275 in its pre amplifier stage.
Ask your friend to go for a dedicated AV processor, fresh or used, capable to deliver 1 volt with output impedance less or equal to 470 ohms. I believe this will do the trick.
Analog Devices OP275 [Operational Amplifer]